Future Developments of Video Games Essay Example for Free

Future Developments of Video Games Essay The field of computer games is one of the most energizing since it is continually creating and progressing so rapidly. Not at all like a great deal of territories of ICT which have arrived at a degree of dependability, all pieces of games, gaming and games advancement are as yet developing and will keep on developing. This implies there is the potential for people to have totally new thoughts and be the first to make something in the field. The prevalence of games is developing exponentially, with an ever increasing number of individuals finding an intrigue and energy for games constantly. A game presently will arrive at an a lot bigger, universal crowd and games designers can carry delight to a huge swath of individuals. Comfort makers, games engineers and other associated with the game business and famously mysterious about new activities being created until they are practically prepared for declaration and discharge and still, after all that occasionally games and items can be dropped ultimately. All representatives working in the business need to consent to a non-revelation arrangement (NDA) more often than not which disallows them lawfully from uncovering any of their companys privileged insights. Discharging any data about an item might imperil its deals. Innovation advances in incredibly fast speeds. On the off chance that you need any genuine noticeable verification of the quick headway of computerized innovation throughout the years, investigate the gaming business. From the early long periods of high contrast 2D games like Pong (1972) to the principal 3D game, 3D Monster Maze in 1981, and from crude first-individual shooters like Wolfenstein 3D (1992) to complex, life-like shooters like Battlefield 3 (2011), there’s presumably that the gaming business has seen a considerable amount of innovative development. Equipment Developments Each new age of support equipment utilized the quick advancement of handling innovation. More up to date machines could yield a more prominent scope of hues, more sprites, and presented graphical advances, for example, scaling, and vector designs. One way reassure producers advertised these advances to shoppers was through the estimation of bits. The TurboGrafx-16, Sega Genesis, and SNES were among the primary consoles to promote the way that they contained 16-piece processors. This fourth era of support equipment was regularly alluded to as the 16-piece period, and the past age as the 8-piece. The bit-estimation of a comfort alluded to the word length of a consoles processor (in spite of the fact that the worth was some of the time abused, for instance the TurboGrafx 16 had just a 8-piece CPU, and the Genesis/Mega Drive had the 16/32-piece Motorola 68000, yet both had a 16-piece committed designs processor). As the graphical exhibition of reassure equipment is reliant on numerous components, utilizing bits was an unrefined method to check a consoles generally speaking capacity. For instance the NES, Commodore 64, Apple II, and Atari 2600 all utilized a fundamentally the same as 8-piece cpu. The distinction in their handling power is because of different causes. For instance the Commodore 64 contains 64 kilobytes of RAM and the Atari has significantly less at 128 bytes of RAM. The hop from 8 piece machines to 16 piece machines to 32 piece machines had a perceptible effect in execution, so comforts from specific ages are as often as possible alluded to as 8 piece or 16 piece reassures. Be that as it may, the bits in a support are not, at this point a main consideration in their exhibition. The Nintendo 64, for instance has been outpaced by a few 32 piece machines. Its solitary inescapable that gaming equipment is going to continually be improved, with all the more handling power, illustrations abilities, sound quality and memory limit. The info strategy utilizing a controller has radically evolved throughout the years starting with a burdensome controller and basic joystick on arcade games, the computer game controller has developed to be ergonomically intended to feel great to maintain a strategic distance from wounds, for example, the ones in the redundant strain injury gathering or carpal passage condition. Most present day controllers are planned with the casual situation of the hands as a main priority, bringing about the pronged structure that diminishes irritation and issues after expanded use, contrasted with more established cushions, for example, the NES or the Sega Master System. There are as yet a huge swath of info strategies to make a considerably progressively vivid experience, these include: guiding wheel, pedals, light firearms, move cushions, balance board, casting pole, amplifier and beat game controllers (drums and guitars). A considerable lot of these have been explicitly intended to be utilize d for a specific game or gaming arrangement, for example, guitar saint for instance. The development of the controller to incorporate more fastens demonstrates that computer games themselves are progressing as more fastens are required to finish various assignments inside the game. New information strategies are being created to make the gaming experience increasingly charming and intuitive, for example, having the option to control the character by body development with sensor cushions or dress, for example, gloves. This sort of info strategy can be seen back in the EyeToy for Playstation 2 which utilized a camcorder. Most as of late this market had been surprised with the presentation of the Wii and its absolutely one of a kind controls. Many reassure produces have received this method can be found in the Playstation Move and the Xbox Kinect which both include the player as a methods for controlling the game as opposed to squeezing catches. This methods for input is being pushed forward by numerous individuals of the comfort producers as it evacuates the disgrace of computer games being just for individuals who plunk during unsurpassed and are sluggish, and they are likewise observed as an option in contrast to working out. The gaming business has created illustrations and sound innovation that can be joined as VR (Virtual Reality). A mid 1990s endeavor at a headset for comfort gaming and for specialists, was made by Future Vision Technologies. An advanced model would be the Wii where the controller tracks and sends movement input precisely. There is additionally another VR headset framework being developed planned explicitly for gaming called the Oculus Rift. The headset gives roughly a 110 degree field of view, outright head direction following, USB interface and a 1200800 goals with the last purchaser variant focused on 19201080. A portion of things to come games that will bolster the Oculus Rift incorporates Doom 4, Strike Suit Zero, Team Fortress 2, Miner Wars 2081, Minecraft and some more. Computer generated reality has consistently been something that was depicted in motion pictures and network shows as something that will be the eventual fate of gaming. Endeavors at making it in the past have no t indicated mainstream results. Be that as it may, it is something which is getting even more a reality as innovation propels, despite the fact that whether we will ever arrive at its purpose turning into the standard of gaming is yet to be seen. Programming Development The point of programming improvement is as a rule to arrive at another degree of authenticity or drenching. As preparing force and memory increment, upgraded craftsmanship and movement can be made. This permits pictures and development to be progressively sensible. In the beginning of first-individual shooters, non-player characters (NPCs) had the insight of pleasantly adjusted rocks. In any case, theyve been showing signs of improvement recently look no farther than Half-Lifes narrating NPCs and Unreal Tournaments amazing bot AI. The market achievement of titles, for example, these has incited engineers to invest more energy into AI, so it looks as though more astute NPCs will keep on appearing in games. Simulated intelligence scientists seldom use PC games for their examination, outside of exemplary board and games, for example, chess, checkers, and scaffold. Potentially they consider most to be AI issues as basic building issues. This view has not been totally unjustified in light of the fact that frequently the objective of game AI isn't to make knowledge, however to improve interactivity through the hallucination of canny conduct. A considerable lot of the strategies used to improve the hallucination of knowledge have nothing to do with insight, however include cheats, for example, giving game AIs additional creation capacity or the capacity to see through dividers, or faking it by making bots that discussion to one another yet totally disregard what is said. There additionally has been a float in AI research toward issues and approaches where exact experimental assessment is conceivable. Obviously, ongoing interaction isnt something that todays AI analysts feel good assessing. In spite of the fact that there is as of now a huge hole between game designers and AI analysts, that hole is beginning to close. The inescapable walk of Moores law is beginning to let loose critical handling power for AI, particularly with the appearance of illustrations cards that move the designs preparing off the CPU. The additional CPU force will make increasingly complex game AI conceivable. All things considered, game engineers should in any case be careful about AI analysts who state, My calculation doesnt run progressively at this moment, however simply pause. In a couple of more years, Im sure the preparing force will be there. A second, similarly incredible power that is shutting the hole is sociological. Understudies who grew up adoring PC games are getting propelled degrees in AI. This has the double impact of carrying game examination to colleges and college exploration to game organizations as of now there are at any rate five AI Ph.D.s at game organizations. Man-made intelligence scientists are finding that building fascinating manufactured characters with regards to PC games is substantially more than only a designing issue. In addition, games give modest, vigorous, vivid situations for seeking after a large number of the center AI issues. They could be the impetus for a resurrection in research on human-level AI The last power is the game-playing open, who are beginning to request better AI. With the immersion in the nature of PC illustrations, better material science and AI are the two advancements that have the most potential to improve ongoing interaction. Players are searching for increasingly sensible AIs to populate their universes with intriguing non-player characters (as in The Sims) and humanlike adversaries who mu

Blue Ridge Case †Activity Based Costing (ABC) Essay

1) Profitability Analysis: Blue Ridge Large Medium Small Total Deals $308,762.00 $183,744.00 $318,024.00 $810,530.00 Assembling Costs $112,552.70 $72,164.09 $162,864.09 $347,580.88 Deals and Administration Costs $78,303.47 $50,790.54 $156,805.99 $285,900.00 All out Costs $190,856.16 $122,954.63 $319,670.08 $633,480.88 Cost as % Sales 61.81% 66.92% 100.52% 78.16% Benefit $117,905.84 $60,789.37 ($1,646.08) $177,049.12 Net revenue 38.19% 33.08% - 0.52% 21.84% Note: For nitty gritty computations please reference appended report. 2) Define activity ventures for Blue Ridge dependent on the examination: The above client benefit examination demonstrates that the little clients have a negative overall revenue. As this particular client base records for 40% of Blue Ridges absolute deals volume we suggest the accompanying move steps be made so as to expand their gainfulness: * Develop an on line/electronic requesting framework for clients so as to dispose of the significant expenses related with entering buy arranges by Blue Ridge workers. Right now this speaks to 14.56% of all out expenses with 12.23% of absolute expenses dispensed to little clients. * Develop an electronic installment framework for little clients, where installments are wired straightforwardly into Blue Ridges financial balance before the request is prepared and transported. Right now credit checks for little clients representâ 1% of complete expenses. * Study the impacts on cost increments for little clients. At present, transporting costs for little clients speak to 4.14% of the all out costs, expanding the cost for little clients could help balance the delivery costs. * Conduct an investigation on little client requests to help decide whether a base request prerequisite can help take out the expenses related with transportation without yielding the high volume. * Invest in new inking innovation so as to help legitimize increments in costs. The venture ought to kill their client objections and increment their interest. * Determine the expenses related with putting resources into a better towel and line up with a proper deals methodology. * Determine if publicizing costs are in effect appropriately allotted. * Study the impacts of actualizing a motivating force program for the autonomous fabricates who accomplish a specific deals volume. 3) Discuss the focal points and burdens of this client productivity framework. Did Blue Ridge characterize the correct exercises? Points of interest: * The framework gives directors an understanding into why contrasts exist in the working salaries earned from various clients. * The framework empowers directors to decide gainfulness levels (benefit commitments) of explicit client gatherings and features the costs assignable to every client. * The framework allots expenses of exercises that help singular client gatherings to help in deciding cost decrease systems. * The System centers around benefit as opposed to turnover. * The framework assigns the applicable expenses related with every client. Burdens: * The framework may provoke directors to settle on fast choice, for example, terminating clients, rather than executing cost cutting activities. * The framework centers vigorously around the various kinds of clients instead of on the various items. * The framework doesn't give point by point data on the request size and recurrence for every individual organization inside their client gathering. * The framework doesn't concentrate on client conduct, for example, devotion and future development designs. * The framework doesn't empower directors to decide whether cost limiting will energize expanded buys while limiting benefit disintegration. Taking everything into account Blue Ridge characterized the correct exercises; anyway they should consider directing an item benefit examination. This will empower them to deal with the item blend all the more effectively and recognize future cost cutting in activities. What's more, we fell this would be another important exercise in deciding climate or not going national would be beneficial for Blue Ridge.

Components Of Law :: essays research papers

Segments Of Law  â â â â In class, we split segments of law up into four classifications. Arrangement of social standards on which laws are based, a gathering enabled to implement the laws, a real arrangement of implementation, and a framework for deciphering the law. All through this article I’ll split these classifications, and give instances of each of them.      A arrangement of social standards on which laws are based, by and large figure out what is positive or negative in a society. Legitimization of liquor utilization makes it good to devour mixed drinks, yet stores that sell have rules to sell the legitimate drink. Yet, the illegalization of prostitution, in any case, is shameless. No one ought to need to sell their body for cash in our general public.      Law implementation is a gathering enabled to authorize the laws. A few laws are unenforced, for example, traffic and jay strolling laws. There is additionally an authentic arrangement of authorization, that lets a body that has seen a genuine demonstration to complete the law. A model is a cop following up on a watched burglary.      The last part of law is a framework for deciphering the law. All laws can't cover each circumstance that may occur, along these lines it must be deciphered. The Supreme court applies or deciphers the law and additionally gives the law meaning. Words have no importance except if we give them significance to laws and the constitution.      The Sociological Definition of law proposes a connection among laws and customs. To get laws you should examine social conditions and background(effects the entirety of society). Segments Of Law :: articles look into papers Parts Of Law  â â â â In class, we split parts of law up into four classifications. Arrangement of social standards on which laws are based, a gathering engaged to authorize the laws, a genuine arrangement of implementation, and a framework for deciphering the law. All through this paper I’ll split these classes, and give instances of each of them.      A arrangement of social standards on which laws are based, for the most part figure out what is fortunate or unfortunate in a society. Legitimization of liquor utilization makes it good to devour mixed drinks, however stores that sell have rules to sell the lawful drink. Yet, the illegalization of prostitution, be that as it may, is indecent. No one ought to need to sell their body for cash in our general public.      Law authorization is a gathering engaged to implement the laws. A few laws are unenforced, for example, traffic and jay strolling laws. There is likewise a genuine arrangement of authorization, that lets a body that has seen a genuine demonstration to do the law. A model is a cop following up on a watched theft.      The last part of law is a framework for deciphering the law. All laws can't cover each circumstance that may occur, in this manner it must be deciphered. The Supreme court applies or deciphers the law and additionally gives the law meaning. Words have no significance except if we give them importance to laws and the constitution.      The Sociological Definition of law recommends a connection among laws and customs. To get laws you should consider social conditions and background(effects the entirety of society).

The Concept of Organizational Culture Essay - 825 Words

The Concept of Organizational Culture (Essay Sample) Content: The Concept of Organizational Culture(Name)(Institution)The Concept of Organizational CultureAn organization refers to an entity that consists of a group of people, such as an institution or a corporation with a collective goal. Culture, on the other hand, refers to a pattern of shared basic assumptions learned by a group of people who consider it to be the right way of perceiving, thinking and feeling in relation to their problems. Organizational culture is in this way the beliefs, values, norms and assumptions shared among people in an organization, which govern the way they behave. They usually influence how people in an organization perform their duties.Actually, organizational culture is a complex factor that needs to be well understood because it widely affects an organizations performance. In addition, different organizations usually have different culture. For instance, the way people in one organization dress might not be the same as that of another organizat ion. According to Schein (2010), leaders who try to make their organizations more effective are sometimes amazed at the degree to which the individuals and groups behave in unusual ways that threaten the survival of the organizations. That is why it means that lack of a better understanding to organizational culture causes threats to an organizations survival. Members of different occupations are usually aware that being a doctor, an engineer or even a lawyer does not only require the learning technical skills, but also adopting certain values and norms that define their occupations. They know that when they violate some of these norms they can be thrown out of their occupation. (Schein, 2010, p. 8)There are usually stronger or weaker cultures, better or worse cultures and the right culture influences how effective organizations are. That is why it takes us to the next level of discussing why organizational culture is important.Organizational culture is important because it ensures effective performance. The stronger the culture the more effective the organization is. Organizational culture points us to the phenomena that are below the surface which are very powerful in their impact but are invisible in the organization. Culture guides and constrains the behavior of members of an organization through the shared norms. In other words, culture is important because, firstly, it shapes what organizations consider to be effective. Secondly, it shapes what employees consider to be appropriate behaviors and their interactions with each other in the organization. Organizational culture shapes how work groups, individuals and organizations deal with work delegated to them. It also controls the speed and efficiency within which things are done. Apart from these, culture shapes the capacity of the organization and its receptiveness to change. In addition, it shapes the attitudes of outside stakeholders to the organization.In some circumstances, we find cultures of organi zations changing. That is why there are some factors that lead to these changes. First, in organizations, new technologies are usually deployed. This changes organizational culture since the new technologies require new culture attitudes to meet the stated objectives. Another reason is the changes in the organizations demographics. For instance, when large number of new employees arrives, it requires new approaches to knowledge transfer.According to Desson and Clouthier (2010), culture might also change due to ingrained attitudes that produce negative outcomes. In addition to that, culture might also change due to changes in the organizations objectives, requiring new attitudes and skills to meet those objectives. (Desson and Clouthier, 2010, p. 4)Understanding organizational culture is important because as stated above, cultures are dynamic in nature. They keep on changing in response to the internal and external changes of the organization. According to Watkins (2013), Organizatio ns cultures are never monolithic since vary many factors usually drive the internal variations in the culture of the business functions. Understanding organizational culture enables one to have a culture that suits the demands of a companys environment. (Watkins, 2013, p. 1)When we understand organizational culture, it will enable as to have a culture that encourages adaptability and innovativeness. Understanding this issue also enables managers to control employees behavior, as culture powerfully cont... The Concept of Organizational Culture Essay - 825 Words The Concept of Organizational Culture (Essay Sample) Content: The Concept of Organizational Culture(Name)(Institution)The Concept of Organizational CultureAn organization refers to an entity that consists of a group of people, such as an institution or a corporation with a collective goal. Culture, on the other hand, refers to a pattern of shared basic assumptions learned by a group of people who consider it to be the right way of perceiving, thinking and feeling in relation to their problems. Organizational culture is in this way the beliefs, values, norms and assumptions shared among people in an organization, which govern the way they behave. They usually influence how people in an organization perform their duties.Actually, organizational culture is a complex factor that needs to be well understood because it widely affects an organizations performance. In addition, different organizations usually have different culture. For instance, the way people in one organization dress might not be the same as that of another organizat ion. According to Schein (2010), leaders who try to make their organizations more effective are sometimes amazed at the degree to which the individuals and groups behave in unusual ways that threaten the survival of the organizations. That is why it means that lack of a better understanding to organizational culture causes threats to an organizations survival. Members of different occupations are usually aware that being a doctor, an engineer or even a lawyer does not only require the learning technical skills, but also adopting certain values and norms that define their occupations. They know that when they violate some of these norms they can be thrown out of their occupation. (Schein, 2010, p. 8)There are usually stronger or weaker cultures, better or worse cultures and the right culture influences how effective organizations are. That is why it takes us to the next level of discussing why organizational culture is important.Organizational culture is important because it ensures effective performance. The stronger the culture the more effective the organization is. Organizational culture points us to the phenomena that are below the surface which are very powerful in their impact but are invisible in the organization. Culture guides and constrains the behavior of members of an organization through the shared norms. In other words, culture is important because, firstly, it shapes what organizations consider to be effective. Secondly, it shapes what employees consider to be appropriate behaviors and their interactions with each other in the organization. Organizational culture shapes how work groups, individuals and organizations deal with work delegated to them. It also controls the speed and efficiency within which things are done. Apart from these, culture shapes the capacity of the organization and its receptiveness to change. In addition, it shapes the attitudes of outside stakeholders to the organization.In some circumstances, we find cultures of organi zations changing. That is why there are some factors that lead to these changes. First, in organizations, new technologies are usually deployed. This changes organizational culture since the new technologies require new culture attitudes to meet the stated objectives. Another reason is the changes in the organizations demographics. For instance, when large number of new employees arrives, it requires new approaches to knowledge transfer.According to Desson and Clouthier (2010), culture might also change due to ingrained attitudes that produce negative outcomes. In addition to that, culture might also change due to changes in the organizations objectives, requiring new attitudes and skills to meet those objectives. (Desson and Clouthier, 2010, p. 4)Understanding organizational culture is important because as stated above, cultures are dynamic in nature. They keep on changing in response to the internal and external changes of the organization. According to Watkins (2013), Organizatio ns cultures are never monolithic since vary many factors usually drive the internal variations in the culture of the business functions. Understanding organizational culture enables one to have a culture that suits the demands of a companys environment. (Watkins, 2013, p. 1)When we understand organizational culture, it will enable as to have a culture that encourages adaptability and innovativeness. Understanding this issue also enables managers to control employees behavior, as culture powerfully cont...

Arts 125 Art and Culture Week 5 - 2060 Words

Art And Culture Art and Culture Since the beginning of time, artists have labored extensively to find innovative ways to convey sentiment, passion, and feeling. Telling stories and trying to unlock the minds of people through different avenues of artistic labors. Art touches and affects people in unique ways; it can have special or unusual meaning on the person depending on how one views it. Artists’ rendering of their art is interpreted in numerous ways by others who view it unless it is explained by the artist on its meaning giving a clear example of what they are portraying. Two people looking at the same painting, sculpture, portrait, or photo may come to different views on the arts meaning even though they are looking at the†¦show more content†¦For instance, there is much more dependence on realistic scheme in art and new procedures in film making today than in the past. Realistic strategy tools are used for promotion and presentation but also can be used to oversee other art methods, such as photography, film, sculpture, painting, and architecture. The role of diversity in any situation can only make the outcome better. The more perspective input that people put into something, the bigger the idea will grow and change. This fact has been proven from many fields. Sports have evolved from simple hand offs to passing and play action passes, music has expanded from bluegrass and country to rap and hip hop, rhythm and blues, pop, heavy metal, and instrumental. None of that would have been possible without the influence of different cultures and diversity. The role of women have had an influence on art as well by opening up the softer more motherly side of art that men may not necessarily be able to tap into. The way that some see women’s art work is a softer more flowing piece. Buildings have a softer line while men design them with edges, sharp points, and more eye catching details. Photography is more sunsets, animals, insects, or landscape pictures as if they want to catch life as it is happing naturally where there is no human interaction. The role of ethnic minorities brought the use of bright brilliant colors choices. People like to watch the ChineseShow MoreRelatedARTS 125 Week 5 Assignment Art And Culture Paper858 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿ Art and Culture Liliana Gonzalez ART/125 May 11, 2015 Joseph Blomer University of Phoenix Abstract Art has evolved in ways only one can imagine, however; their imagination does not have to go far because all one has to do is turn on the computer and connect to the World Wide Web to get information on everything. Architecture, sculpture, and painting has been around for ages, then photography made its way on to the art scene in the 1820’s and has taken leaps and bounds to establishRead MoreEssay on ART 305 Syllabus 1 2559 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿ART 305: ART MASS CULTURE Class Syllabus Professor Eve Wood Fall 2014 Office hours: Thu 3PM by appt. Office: Sagebrush 224 Office phone: (818) 677-6454 - no messages E-mail: wood_eve@csun.edu Meeting time: ONLINE COURSE DESCRIPTION: Prerequisite: Completion of the lower division writing requirement. An introduction for the non-art major to the relationships between art and mass culture. 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As an entrepreneur and innovator, Traviss was Read MoreUnderstanding The Wheaton College Culture And Services1636 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstanding the Wheaton College Culture and Services Wheaton College is a four-year, private liberal arts college with a student body of approximately 1,600. The small size of the campus and student body serve to make Wheaton a close-knit and student-centered community. The mission of the institution is to provide â€Å"a transformative liberal arts education for intellectually curious students in a collaborative, academically vibrant residential community that values a diverse world† (History andRead MoreMarketing Analysis Polyphonic HMI Essay3021 Words   |  13 Pagesthewhich is dictated by popular culture. There is constant and rapid evolution due to both  volatility of popular music culture  and  lack of fail-safe apparatus to accurately predict upcoming trends. Hence, all segments need a tool that improvea tool that improves their chances of landing a hit song and reduce the need for excessive marketing expenditure.. The satisfaction gratification of this need is ever more urgent due to falling sales and increasing music piracy (Pg. 5, P4). Can HSS be the answerRead MoreNietzsches critique of Plato and Christianity2437 Words   |  10 Pageson one of the thinkers covered in the unit so far (i.e. weeks 2-6). Essay question: Assess the major contributions of your chosen thinker to our understanding of the human condition. Due Date: 16/9/13 Number of Words: 2,150 â€Å"God is dead. God remains dead. And we have killed him. Yet his shadow still looms. 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Hospitalization And Intervention To Jay †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Hospitalization And Intervention To Jay. Answer: Introduction: In this essay, case of Jay is discussed. He is diagnosed with intussusception. Pathophysiology of intussusception is discussed. Multiple factors need to be considered for providingnursing intervention to Jay. These factors include role of growth and development theories, developmentally appropriate care, family centered care and hospitalization of Jay. Importance of family centered care and factors which need to be considered for providingnursing intervention to Jay are discussed. Points to be considered for hospitalization and provisions to be made during Jays hospitalization are discussed. Along with medical intervention, nurse need to work on the factors which can improve well-being of Jay. Pathophysiology: It mainly occurs due to the inequality in the longitudinal forces across the intestinal walls. Mass in the form of lead point and disturbed pattern of peristaltic movement are mainly responsible for imbalance in the longitudinal forces. Due to these imbalanced forces, intestine enters the lumen of the adjutant bowel. Intussusception is a pathological condition of GI tract in which there is part of intestine folds into the next section. It is mainly associated with the small bowel and in few cases with the large bowel. It results in the small bowel destruction and bowel perforation. In most common intusssception, ileum enters the cecum. In other few of the cases, ileum or jejunum enters inside itself. Most of the cases, intussusceptions can occur due to location of intussusceptum proximal to the intussuscipiens. This proximal location is mainly due to the peristaltic action of intestine which brings proximal end towards distal end. If progression is rapid, intussusceptum can enter dis tal colon, sigmoid colon and even prolapse out of the anus. Lead point mainly occurs due to projection of intestinal tissue into the bowel lumen. Lead point occurs in approximately 10 % of the cases of intussusceptions. Due to blockage of bowel, there is prevention of blood supply, which causes ischemia (Aybay et al., 2016). Gut mucosa in sensitive to the ischemia and it leads to inactivity of mucosa in the gut. It results in the occurrence of red currant jelly stool. This stool is combination of mucosa, blood, and mucus. However, this red currant jelly stool occurs in few of the children with intussusception. Hence, it can be used as a differential diagnostic tool for children with bloody stool. Due to this pathological condition of gut, there can be abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, leg pulling towards chest and moderate to severe cramping of the abdomen can occur in patients with intussusceptions (Loeffler, 2014). Jay is also exhibiting all these symptoms. Intermittent pain can occur in children with intussusception because intussuscepted bowel segment transiently stops contracting. Loop of the bowel become necrotic due to ischemia which occurs due to compression of arteries. Barium or water-soluble contrast enema or an air-contrast enema can be used as treatment of intussusception (Patcharatrakul and Rao, 2017). Earlier rotavirus was linked to the occurrence of pathology of intussusceptions, however recent studies are not indicating link between rotavirus and intussusception (Otero et al., 2017). Growth and developmental theories: Nurse should incorporate various growth and developmental theories for providingnursing care to Jay. Various theories include Pigetss theory of intellectual development and Erickson trust/mistrust stage. According to Pigetss theory of intellectual development, sensory organ and muscles become more functional. Infants produces reflexes to the alterations in the body. Nurse need to identify these reflexes. In this case nurse need to recognize drawing legs up and high-pitched crying in response to pain. It can be helpful in the early assessment and early intervention to be planned for Jay. There is no place for emotions of nurse in evaluating cognitive developmental theory in Jay. By avoiding this emotional factor, nurse can perform objective assessment in Jay. According to Erickson trust/mistrust stage children relied completely on their caregiver for fulfilling their basic need for growth and development. Children trust their parents more as compared to the nurses, hence his parents need to administer drugs to Jay. These children are completely dependent on their caregivers for food, shelter, and protection. In this stage Jay can seek help from caregivers for his diseased condition (R eimann et al., 2017). Evaluation and execution of these growth and developmental theories in Jay can provide him with effectivenursing intervention and improve his disease condition. Developmentally appropriate care: Diseased state of Jay can impact his future growth and development. It can negatively impact his physical and psychological development. Nurse should make realize his family members about its negative impact on his future development. Hence, his family members can take appropriate measures to tackle this issue. Nurse should convince his parents to improve their moral because it can be helpful in augmenting their attention towards his care. Special efforts need to be taken to provide treatment in the form of enema on regular basis. Children of his age would not be cooperating to take enema and might be afraid to take it. Hence, family members need to give more attention for using enema. This age appropriate care for Jay can improve his disease condition (Lowry-Lehnen, 2015). Family centered care: Family centered care is important aspect for providing care to children of Jays age. This is important for Jay because children like Jay can not manage their symptoms and disease condition on their own. Jays family should stand firmly behind him and take part in every aspect of his care. Nurse should consider this aspect and involve his family members in his care. Nurse should collect information related to Jay form his family members. Nurse should collect information related to health issues, eating habits and psychological behavior. Nurse should analyze collected information and prepare effective care plan for him. It can help nurse to provide nursing care in smooth manner. Family members confidence about the Jay condition can be improved by giving them assurance that proper treatment can improve his condition (Law, 2012). There should be involvement of family members of Jay in planning and delivering care to Jay. Nurse should educate Jays family members to manage pain due to intussusception. Nurse should understand his mothers feelings and should give respect to her feelings. Jays mother is worried about rotavirus vaccine because she was informed that his condition was exaggerated due to rotavirus vaccine Nurse should educate that rotavirus vaccine would not affect his condition significantly because in recent studies it is evident that rotavirus vaccine is not linked to his intussusception. Nurse should maintain their dignity and use respectful words with them. Nurse should understand strengths and weaknesses of his mother and plan nursing intervention with respect to her strengths and weaknesses. Socioeconomic and cultural aspects of his family should be considered while providing nursing intervention to Jay. Jays actual status of health should be informed to his family members and inform them about the anticipated effects after the completion of nursing intervention for intussusception (Barnsteiner et al., 2014). Children at the age of Jay can feel comfortable, if nursing intervention is provided in the presence of their family members. Considering this, nurse should provide nursing intervention to Jay in the presence of his family members. It is well established that effective communication with the family members can be helpful in providing complete nursing intervention to the children. Hence, nurse should establish effective communication with his family members because few of the aspects of the nursing intervention cannot be communicated to Jay due to his age factor. Family members need to be educated about application of enema in Jay. Through this communication, nurse can improve knowledge of family members about his disease condition and treatment to be provided. Through communication, nurse can improve participation of family members in decision making of his care and inform them about the care to be taken at home. Jays hospitalization can be reduced by providing him with family center ed care. Family centered can be helpful in improving satisfaction of Jay and his mother about the care provided (Shaul, 2014; Watson and Rodwell, 2014). Family centered care can be helpful in relieving stress of Jay and his mother. Hospitalization: Hospitalization is the significant part of children care. However, long duration hospitalizations of children can negatively affect children both physically and mentally. Comfortable environment need to be provided for Jay in the hospital. There should not be separation of Jay and his family members during his stay in the hospital. All sorts of interventions need to be provided for Jay in the presence of his family members. Children with age of Jay might feel fear of pain and become anxious during their hospitalization stay. Hence nurse need to ensure that all the care to be provided to Jay should be with minimal pain. Family members of Jay might be more worried about his hospitalization. Nurse should give them assurance that hospital is going to give freedom from his painful condition and improve his wellbeing. Nurse should assure them that he is going to be discharged from hospital immediately after his recovery (Thurston, 2014). Family members of Jay should be informed about the nursing and medical procedures and nurse should demonstrate them all the procedures. It would be helpful in reducing hospitalization stress on his family members. Nurse need to counsel his family members for his hospital admission. Nurse should provide flexibility to his family members to stay with him in hospital. Nurse should give counseling to his mother about financial issues due to hospitalization. Nurse should maintain confidentiality of Jays hospitalization. Nurse should provide suitable environment for Jay in the hospital with respect to his medical history, behavior, cultural background and socioeconomic status (Tehrani et al., 2012; Brykczynska and Simons, 2011). Nurse should consider all these aspects during hospitalization of Jay. Conclusion: Intussusception in the pathological condition of the GI tract associated with pain, vomiting and bloody stool. Disease condition can worsen due to ischemia. In this case Jay is diagnosed with intussusception. Implementation growth and development theories for nursing care of Jay can be helpful in providing holistic care to Jay. Person centered care for Jay can be helpful in improving morale his mother and relieve stress about his diseased condition. Provision of suitable hospital environment for the Jay can be helpful in his speedy recovery. References: Aybay, M.N., Erol, S., Kaya, H.E., and Guler, I. (2016). Appendix Invagination Mimicking Ileocecal Intussusception in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 51(5), 589-591. Barnsteiner, J., Disch, J., and Walton, M. (2014). Person and Family Centered Care. Sigma Theta Tau. Brykczynska, G.M., and Simons, J. (2011). Ethical and Philosophical Aspects of Nursing Children and Young People. John Wiley Sons. Law, M. (2012). Family-Centred Assessment and Intervention in Pediatric Rehabilitation. Routledge. Loeffler, A.G. (2014). Introduction to Human Disease: Pathophysiology for Health Professionals. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Lowry-Lehnen, T. (2015). Theories of Human Growth and Development: Developmental Psychology. Create Space Independent Publishing Platform. Otero, J., Posa, M.R., and Kelly, M.N. (2017). Rectal Bleeding and Abdominal Pain Following Vaccination in a 4-Month-Old Infant. Case Reports in Pediatrics, 9461315. doi: 10.1155/2017/9461315. Patcharatrakul, T., and Rao, SSC. (2017). Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Anorectal Disorders. Gut Liver. 23. doi: 10.5009/gnl17172. Reimann, M., Schilke, O., and Cook, K.S. (2017). Trust Is Heritable, Whereas Distrust Is Not. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in the United States of America, 114(27), 7007-7012. Shaul, R. Z. (2014). Paediatric Patient and Family-Centred Care: Ethical and Legal Issues. Springer Science Business. Tehrani, T. H., Haghighi, M., and Bazmamoun, H. (2012). Effects of Stress on Mothers of Hospitalized Children in a Hospital in Iran. Iranian Journal of Child Neurology, 6(4), 3945. Thurston, C. (2014). Essential Nursing Care for Children and Young People: heory, Policy and Practice. Routledge. Watson, G. and Rodwell, S. (2014). Safeguarding and Protecting Children, Young People and Families: A Guide for Nurses and Midwives. SAGE.

The Cathedral Raymond Carver Essay Example For Students

The Cathedral Raymond Carver Essay The Cathedral The Blind ManThe narrator in Raymond Carvers Cathedral is not a particularly sensitive man.I might describe him as self-centered, superficial and egotistical.And while his actions certainly speak to these points, it is his misunderstanding of the people and the relationships presented to him in this story which show most clearly his tragic flaw: while Robert is physically blind, it is the narrator that cannot clearly see the world around him. In the eyes of the narrator, Roberts blindness is his defining characteristic.The opening line of Cathedral reads, This blind man, an old friend of my wifes, he was on his way to spend the night. (Carver 1052) Clearly, the narrator can not see past Roberts disability; he dismisses him in the same way a racist might dismiss a black man.In reality, any prejudice be it based on gender, race or disability involves one persons inability to look past a superficial quality.If someone judges a person based on such a characteristic, they are only seeing the aspect of the person which makes them uncomfortable.The narrator has unconsciously placed Robert in a category that he labels abnormal, which stops him from seeing the blind man as an individual. The narrators reaction to Roberts individuality shows his stereotypical views.The narrator assumed Robert did not do certain things, just because he was blind.When he first saw Robert his reaction was simple: This blind man, feature this, he was w earing a full beard!A beard on a blind man!Too much, I say.When Robert sat down on the couch, he thinks, Iread somewhere that the blind didnt smoke because, as speculation had it, they couldnt see the smoke they exhaledBut this blind man smoked his cigarette down to the nubbin and then lit another one.The narrators naivete leaves him amazed by Robert, who does things which the narrator would view as atypical of the blind.This reinforces the idea that the narrator is blind to the reality of the world. We will write a custom essay on The Cathedral Raymond Carver specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The narrators blindness is certainly not limited to Robert he no better understands the relationship between his wife and the blind man:Theyd become good friends, my wife and the blind manOn her last day in the office, the blind man asked if he could touch her faceShe told me he touched his fingers to every part of her faceShe never forgot it.She even tried to write a poem about itShe wrote a poem or two every year, usually after something really important had happened to her.When we first started going out together, she showed me the poemI can remember I didnt think much of the poemMaybe I just dont understand poetry. (Carver 1053)While the narrator realizes that his wifes relationship with Robert is important to her, he cannot understand why.Under other circumstances, the narrators wifes descriptions of experiences that summer and Roberts friendship and advice through her marriages might have left him enlightened as to the depth of their relationship.But here, despite all evidence to the contrary, the narrator (ultimately because of his prejudice) has ruled out Robert as a thoughtful, consequential person.He cannot comprehend that a blind man is capable of touching his wifes.Instead, he arrogantly assumes that he was the most important person to come into his wifes life.This delusion is obvious, when the narrator relates surprise that his wife never mentions him in her conversation with Robert that night:They talked of things that had happened to them to them! these past ten years.I waited in vain to hear my name on my wifes sweet lips: And then my dear husband came into my lifesomething like that.But I heard nothing of the sort. .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 , .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .postImageUrl , .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 , .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7:hover , .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7:visited , .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7:active { border:0!important; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7:active , .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7 .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u63bcca87bcfa8366b6f2341ae6a71da7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Competition Vs. Monopoly EssayThis only reaffirms that once again, the narrator completely misreads the si..tuations in the world around him. Notwithstanding, the narrators emotional blindness can be seen most clearly in his inability to comprehend Robert and Beulahs relationship.The narrator muses, Theyd married, lived and worked together, slept togetherand then the blind man had to bury her.All this without his having ever seen what the goddamned woman looked like. (Carver 1054) Here, the narrators preoccupation with physical appearance is evident.Therefore, it is not surprising that he cannot understand Roberts marriage, which was entirely based on the emotional and intellectual aspect of a relationship.The narrator openly admits their marriage was beyond his understanding.His inability to imagine or even appreciate such a seemingly wonderful marriage further illustrates his blindness. In addition, the narrators prejudice again plays a part in his naivete.The narrator cannot believe that Robert could possibly understand his late wifes emotions: A woman whose husband could never read the expression on her face, be it misery or something better. (Carver 1055)This statement shows that the narrator believes Robert, because of his disability, would be an inadequate husband.The narrators belief Roberts physical blindness resulted in an inadequacy in his marriage shows he again has dismissed Robert on the basis of his disability.He is blind to the possibility that Robert can see, where the narrator cannot. But perhaps the best example of the narrators blindness can be seen in a reference to Beulah:I found myself thinking what a pitiful life this woman must have led.Imagine a woman who could never see herself as she was seen in the eyes of her loved one.A woman who could go on day after day and never receive the smallest compliment from her beloved.A woman whose husband could never read the expression on her face, be it misery or something betterthen to slip off into death, the blind mans hand on her hand, his blind eyes streaming tearsher last thought this: that he never even knew what she looked like, and she on an express to the grave. (Carver 1055)The idea that Beulah continually felt an inadequacy in her marriage based on Roberts disability is undoubtedly a ridiculous claim, which shows an intense misunderstanding of love and life on the part of that narrator.Roberts marriage was most likely very intimate, and completely unhindered by his disability.The narrators wife even commente d that Robert and Beulah had been inseparable for eight years.But such a love is beyond the comprehensive abilities of the narrator, who cannot seem to recognize the most important things in life. While a lot has been written about Raymond Carver, little has been written about Cathedral.Contributing writer Charles E. May in the Reference Guide to Short Fiction sites a change in Carvers writing style beginning with the stories contained in the same anthology as Cathedral: Whereas his early stories are minimalist and bleak, his later stories are more discursive and optimistic. (Watson 114) The few critics who have written specifically about Cathedral tend concentrate on that optimism, seen at the end of the story with the narrators esthetic experience and realization. (Robinson 35) In concentrating on the final realization experienced by the narrator, I believe the literary community has overlooked his deep-rooted misunderstanding of everything consequential in life. The narrators prejudice makes him emotionally blind.His inability to see past Roberts disability stops him from seeing the reality of any relationship or person in the story.And while he admits some things are simply beyond his understanding, he is unaware he is so completely blind to the reality of the world.

Dorm Life Essays - Dormitory, Free Essays, Term Papers

Dorm Life Essays - Dormitory, Free Essays, Term Papers Dorm Life Dorm Life Dorm life at Bowling Green State University is like most other colleges. Students that live in the dorms are known to become very close, often walking to classes together, playing sports, and staying up late for all night study sessions. The students that live in the dorms are in some sense, a society. Every person has a responsibility. Sometimes, if any one person does not complete what they are responsible for, the whole society has to pay. There can be many problems in a dorm. Students playing music too loud in their rooms after quiet hours, and not respecting others are examples of problems that only affect one or two people. Problems like leaving the hall a mess and leaving trash in the bathroom are problems that affect the whole dorm. By leaving trash in the hallway or in the bathrooms, the student runs the risk of being fined from the custodial services for having to take out the room trash. These fines are extremely harsh. At one point, a floor would be fined $11 for a custodial worker to have to pick up a pizza box. Other problems include plates, silverware, and trays from the dining hall winding up in the hallway, leaving the bathroom a mess, and vomiting. The whole floor is charged with this fine if the actual culprit isnt found. Durham 2 Dorm policy is to fine the students on the floor that the incident occurred on. These fines can become quite excessive, sometimes exceeding $500 per semester. A student cannot receive his or her final grades for the year unless these fines are paid in whole. This brings up the question, Is it right for all the students on the floor to be fined if only one or a few of the residents went against the rules? Should a few bad apples ruin the whole bunch? I think not. I feel that someone should address the problem by holding monthly, if not weekly meetings to inform the students that they need to take their trash out instead of placing it in the bathroom. Students need to be told that trays and all other silverware and plates need to be returned to the dining hall. Repetition is the key. If the solution is pounded and pounded into the students heads, then they will begin to obey. A hall director could also keep the students thinking by reminding them how much the floor owes, and what their share is. Constant reminders will deter the students from breaking the rules. Another, the idea of Terri Capellman, graduate hall director of Compton Hall in the Kreischer Quad at BGSU, is to install cameras to catch the violators in the act. The sight of a camera watching the hallway would be enough to prevent trash being left in the hallway, potential acts of vandalism and theft. Either of these two potential solutions would work, but have we confronted the real question? Who should pay for all the damage that occurs in the residence halls? If there is an emergency after the hour of 12 a.m. to 8 a.m. on a Thursday, Friday, Saturday, or Sunday night, then an Emergency Maintenance custodian has to come and Durham 3 fix the problem. This person is of course paid for their overtime. An emergency maintenance custodian can be called in at any time of the night. If an emergency maintenance custodian is needed, then they are paid for 4 hours of regular time, no matter how long they stay there. The starting wage for a full time custodian is $9.93/hour. (Payroll Office Statistic) This means that the custodian was paid at least $39.72 to come in and clean up something that could have taken ten minutes to clean up such as broken glass. The students on the violating floor are charged for this salary. The custodians may say that the wages they are given for coming in at unacceptable hours of the night are legit. They seem extreme to me. I think that the custodians should of course be paid extra for coming in at such late hours, but maybe not as much as is said. A reasonable wage for an emergency maintenance custodian is

Revising E-Mails and Podcasts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Revising E-Mails and Podcasts - Essay Example When reading it is easy for somebody to get bored or keep losing track of the particular sentence he or she is reading. I am therefore suggesting three improvements that would ensure the reader’s attention is maintained. First, the sentences need to be grouped into paragraphs, second it would helpful if headings and subheading were included and lastly the font size and line spacing should be a bit bigger. My second issue is about the audio player, in my opinion I would prefer if instead of the player only showing a paly button, you should make your podcasts have some attractive pictures or slide show display relating to the topic. This will ensure the listener does not lose attention or focus to other moving objects in his or her environment. The third issue is the download link is missing from the podcast. Sometime I may require downloading the podcast and listening to it somewhere where I do not have internet connection. However, I have realized that without a third party application this is not possible. I think this would another better way to improve the podcast. Finally I would like to thank you for the informative and comprehensive nutrition advice you provide it has helped me a lot improve my lifestyle. Renagel, M. (2011, September 20). The Nutrition Diva: Quick and Dirty Tips for Eacting Well and Feeling Fabulous/155 ND Truth about Whole Grains. Retrieved from Podcast.com:

International Market Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Market Report - Essay Example Saleh Al Hamad Al Mana, Qatari business group partnership with the Harvey Nichols to open eight international stores in Doha. The proposed plan was established to open store in the year 2017. According to chief executive of Harvey Nichols, Doha is an exciting place to increase market portfolio. The store of Harvey Nichols provides ultimate fashion experience for customers. Harvey Nichols has three small-format stores and four large-format stores within the Ireland and United Kingdom. Research states that brand name perceived by people of Qatar is on higher level. The Qatari customers translate brand awareness well. The prime purpose of the report is to assess various strategic options and marketing environment to develop international presence. Additionally, the strategy of Harvey Nichols for international growth is effectively presented in the paper. The situational analysis is referred as the assemblage of strategies that are analyzed by managers on basis of external and internal environment of an organization. Moreover, it benefits to understand the business environment, customers and capabilities of organization. The business measurement tools implemented for situational analysis are SWOT analysis, PEST analysis and Porter five forces. It is a structured planning method that is useful for understanding strengths, weakness, opportunity and threats involved in a corporate venture or a project. The prime purpose of this method is to determine the effectiveness of opening store in Qatar. One of the major strengths of Harvey Nichols is its brand awareness. It is regarded as one of the most luxury and fashionable departmental stores globally. The deal struck by Saleh Al Hamad Al Mana Qatari firm to bring one of the highly famous departmental stores in the world to make its debut in Qatar. One of the beneficial strengths of opening Harvey Nichols store in Qatar is high level of existing sales and distribution networks (Table 1). There

International and Comparative Human Resource Management Essay Example for Free

International and Comparative Human Resource Management Essay Globalization of business activities has over the recent past happened at rising rates. With the rapid growth of technology, coupled with constant innovations, several corporate organizations have targeted to operate in global scale. With the advent of multinational corporations, the landscape of human resource has undergone a lot of transformations that have given it a new definition. It is important to note that the definition of human resource management has not remained the same given the international dimension added to it (Edwards Rees 2006; Brewster Harris 1999). The degree to which a corporation or company can be considered to be multinational is normally determined by looking at and assessing human resource management policies it has put into place and implementation of the same; these policies are considered alongside other facets of organizational structures and functions. In ethnocentric corporations, human resource policies are formulated at the head quarters, home countries, and then supplied worldwide to other subsidiary corporations. It has been argued that this is not an appropriate strategic policy formulation for a multinational corporate organization with international human resources (Briscoe Schuler 2004). International human Resource Management is concerned more with global management of human capital of a given multinational corporation. The main aim of IHRM is to empower a multinational corporation to achieve success in its global operations; this means the corporation being competitive world all over, being efficient in its international operations, adapting to the global business environment and adapting to the same within the shortest time possible, being locally responsible (in every geographical region of its operations) and being able to transmit learning to all its globally dispersed subsidiaries. The main themes of this paper are about institutional factors that can potentially Influence IHRM practices and policies in developing countries. It also examines the implications of International Human Resource Manager. There are many actors that really influence the process of International Human Resource Management. However, for the purposes of this paper, the main focus will be on three institutional factors. Institutional factors that can Influence IHRM practices and policies in developing countries Institutional strategies and policies Different multinational corporations have different human resource management approaches. Several studies have found out that there is substantial national variance in terms of human resource management (Cooke 2002). This has mostly been witnessed where the parent country’s strategies seem to dominate how a multinational corporation manages its human capital. This is referred to as ethnocentric or forward diffusion strategies (Keeley 2001). This ethnocentric approach has been a big hindrance to the diffusion of parent practices into other subsidiaries. More research studies that have been done have also drawn focus to the influence which the parent country has on how strategic decisions regarding human resource management is done by a company in the host country. Most developing countries pursue different trade policies and strategies; they are these strategies and policies that inform how the multinational corporations operate and interact with other corporations from other developing and developed nations as explained by Kidd et al (2001, pp. 154-163). The fact is that these developing nations have different cultures from the host nations. Due to these differences, it has become an uphill task to transfer human resources management strategies amongst the developing nations. Moreover, different nations come up with changing legislations regarding labor management. These legislations are on policies that may concern minimum wages payable to an employee, the number of expatriates allowed in a foreign owned corporation and also the work status of such expatriates. Developing economies have different economic systems governed by different economic policies and strategies (World Book Encyclopedia 1994). Some economies are centralized while others are liberalized. In the centralized economies, it becomes a bit more difficult for foreign-owned corporations to get foreign expatriates and according to Dutkiewicz and Espino (1997, p. 22), a corporation may be forced to hire purely locally; the issue here is that centralized economies are under direct governments’ control. With respect to this, different governments come up with certain restriction or legislations that may be different from the home country of a parent corporation. Different countries also have varied legislations regarding human capital and multinational corporations are expected to comply with the legislations of the host countries. One area in which legislations differ is in terms of income. Income taxes may vary and have different ranges. This is always likely to have negative impact on the attitude of employees who are transported or exported to countries where income taxes are high. Besides, due to currency fluctuation in the global financial market, managing the salaries for the expatriates becomes a big challenge to International Human Resource Management process. Political factors Politics is one of the major factors that directly impact on IHRM. The political activities in the developing economies have significant influences in the IHRM. Elaboration of this point is evidenced by the fact that different developing nations have varied political environments. The political environments of developing nations are more dynamic in comparison to the political environment of Western developed and other developed nations. Due to this, International Human Resource Management process faces more challenges in the developing economies than developed countries. The causes of these challenges emanate from the fact that the political landscape is characterized by varied opinions by different rival politicians giving promises to the people during electioneering periods; this has made the political environment of the nations to be unstable and hence unpredictable in terms of efficient and effective IHRM policies implementation (Sparrow 2009). Political factors are intertwined with economic factors; this is in the sense politics determines economic activities in the countries. The role of politics in this sense is strong in the developing countries where poverty indices are still low. Political instability and or elements of social conflicts may scare away foreign direct investments; and most importantly, foreign workers may fear working in such economies. The effect of this scenario is ineffective transfer of human capital to certain regions. However, political stability and relative peace in these economies are likely to benefit multinational corporations as far as IHRM is concerned (Sparrow 2009). Within the political environment, there are several pressure groups and institutions that represent different interests of particular individuals. Labour unions are some of the mostly prominent pressure groups shaping the political landscapes. The availability and the latent influence exacted by the labour unions are some of the dominant factors considered when multinational corporations are deciding on countries to expand their operations to. The multinational corporations consider critically the potential cost and other limiting factors associated with the influence of labour unions. The structures of labour unions, their priorities and legislations and practices vary greatly amongst the developing nations. Some of the unions are organized based on the basis of shared industries while others are organized according to occupation of the members. There are nations where labor unions play a major role in labor relations and, low, are allowed to have representations in the boards of multinational corporations. Otherwise, there are also developing nations where independent labour unions are suppressed. Moreover, in some countries labour unions are only mainly concerned with safeguarding personal interests of workers; such interests are commensurate wages and better working conditions. In other nations, labour unions are actively involved in political process and activism. The presence of labour unions may be both beneficial and disadvantageous to multinational corporations. However, it is the prerogative of individual Multinational Corporation to decide whether it is to venture and carry out its expanded operations in a country of choice. However, it is important to mention that there are varied implications of the dynamic labor unions to the International Human Resource Management, especially in developing nations where labour unions are fully involved in mainstream politics and activism. These unions are not just a collection of workers, but also of individuals with political motivation. The consequence of this is that political issues may get into the core business of a multinational corporation thereby jeopardizing its business objectives. Therefore, International Human Resource Managers have to deal with more diversified labour issues than the national human resource managers. Organizational culture Organizational culture is one of the institutional factors that affect the IHRM. An organization’s culture is a popular concept in the theory of organizational management. It is used to refer to the underlying fundamental assumptions, shared norms and values that determines and informs the behavior of individuals attached to the organization; it serves as a behavioral control and provides a framework within which employees are to carry out organizational duties. Research has shown that there is evidence of potential ability of organizational culture in informing the values of the employees (Perkins 2000). Nonetheless, further studies have shown that an organizational culture may instill values and norms that are not consistent with those of national culture to its employees. Consequently, the both national and organizational cultures are likely to conflict at international level. Focusing on organizational culture, it is crucial to note that when a corporation goes multinational, it is likely to face challenges in situations it establishes subsidiaries in countries where its culture is potentially in conflict with the national culture of the host country. It therefore implies that an internationalizing corporation requires carrying out of thorough audit of the new regions of operations and reforming its organizational culture to conform to the national culture of the host state. This may include changing its human resource policies and harmonizing them with those of the host state (Perkins 2000). Every organization has its own culture, which it uses to remain distinct within the global sphere (Joynt Warner 1996). However, this may not stand due to varied national cultural practices of different nations. As has been discussed earlier, the organization will be forced to adapt to cultural practices of the host countries; this may mean employees working in each subsidiary have differing norms and values. This situation is extensively discussed and explained by Heath (2005, p. 233). The organizations may find it appropriate to adapt to the cultures in the host countries. The implication of this is that the organization is most likely to lose its organizational cultural identity; but still the organization has to operate as a unit on the world business platform. Taking for instance, operating in a purely Muslim country will need restructuring how human capital is managed in the organization. The relationship between men and women in Muslim countries are not as liberal as other non-Muslim nations. Therefore, the organization is faced with lots of cultural dilemmas in terms of IHRM. Joint ventures and acquisitions are some of the ways through which multinational corporations expand their operations. Given the varied organizational cultures of the developing countries, integrating human capital to work as a unit is likely to be faced with some challenges on the basis of cultural conflict. This situation may be more evident where two multinational corporations come together just to form a joint venture. However, the organizational culture of the acquiring corporation may dominate the whole negotiation. But it is also important to note that, with this respect, organizational culture may not be a problem where a multinational corporation expands its operations to regions where its culture is identical or closely related to the host’s national culture and organization (Perkins 2000). Due to different and varied national and organizational cultures, a multinational corporation may consider localizing recruitment of its human capital. The advantage of this is that there is no need to grapple with cultural issues since human resources are tapped locally; the employees are already familiar with their own national culture and are able to form a uniform organizational culture (this is where the organization has decided it will allow its organizational culture to vary regionally or geographically). This is exemplified where multinational corporations expand within the developing Muslim states. Adoption of new technology and effecting new changes form an important part of an organizational culture. Employees and other stakeholders have different opinions regarding new changes; due to this, it is important that they are well prepared for such changes. Otherwise, any form of change may not get their support, especially when change involves the corporate organization going global with its business operations. An organization may be forced to ensure that its potential expatriates are well informed on the imminent changes and how they are likely to be affected.

Rise of the Roman Empire Essay -- essays research papers fc

Rise of the Roman Empire The legend about Rome’s origins puts the founding of the city at around 735 B.C. It is said that a Vestal Virgin gave birth to twin boys, Romulus and Remus, and claimed that they were the sons of the god Mars. The Vestal Virgin was the sister of a king. The king believed that she was lying and imprisoned her. He put her two boys in a basket and threw it into the Tiber River. A she-wolf found the twins and raised them. The twins, Romulus and Remus, came back and killed the king and founded the city of Rome. Afterwards Romulus and Remus fought and Remus was killed. Romulus was Rome’s first king and after he died, he became a god and vanished.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Romans were tribal people who lived in central Italy and like other Latins; they tilled small plots of land pastured cows, pigs and goats and tended flocks of sheep. Moreover, they had a council of elders who chose the Chiefs of the tribes. Around 600 B.C the Etruscans a much more advanced people from the north conquered Rome. Consequently, from that time on, Rome was ruled by kings. The Romans learned many crafts from the Etruscans such as the use of bronze. They borrowed the Etruscan twelve-month calendar, the use of first and last names and developed their alphabet from an Etruscan adaptation of Greek. The Romans adapted many agricultural practices such as the growing of grapes and olives. From the Etruscans the Romans learned military strategy including the use of the unit called the legion which fought in phalanx positions. In 509 B.C however, the Roman nobles revolted against their king, Tarquin the Proud, and established a republic. By this time, Rome’s society was already divided into two groups, the common people called the Plebeians, and the nobles called the Patricians. The Patricians were the heads of the leading families of Rome. Instead of the king, they elected two consuls. The consuls ruled the state and led the armies, but they had power only for one year. The only people that were allowed to participate in government were Patricians. They ignored the wishes of the Plebeians. Consequently, in 490 the Plebeians revolted. They elected their own leaders called Tribunes and threatened to leave and found their own city if they were not given more rights. Since the Patricians needed Plebeians to serve in their army, they had to give in. This was the... ...normous indemnity that was imposed, ten thousand talents spread over fifty years, made the Carthaginians practically tributaries to their Roman conquerors. Hannibal would later be exiled and Carthage would never regain its former power. Hopelessly, the Carthaginians tried to stand up to Rome one last time in 151. The city was destroyed and its entire population sold as slaves. Throughout its early history Rome constantly came up new innovative ideas have the upper hand over its enemies. The Romans were a determined people that believed that ruling the world was their destiny and after the defeat of its’ greatest rival Carthage, they were now masters of the Mediterranean. Rome would never again be threatened until the empire’s fall hundreds of years later. The Romans would now begin to expand their empire past Italy, and with great success, come to rule the Western world. Works Cited http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/1595/Romans.html Nardo, Don. The Rise of the Roman Empire. Gale Group: 1980 http://www.pbs.org/empires/romans/classroom/lesson5.html Polybuis, Obye. The Rise of the Roman Empire. Viking Penguin: 1980 http://www.hatethemainstream.com/article.php?sid=22

Baby Dumping Among the Teenagers

The pie chart shows what could immediate reason for the teenagers to dump babies. There are several reasons for them to dump babies.Based on figure 6, 71% shows the reason for the teenagers to dump babies is feeling ashamed, followed by afraid of parent approval which is contributed 29%.As a conclusion, most of respondents choose afraid of parent approval as an immediate reason for the teenagers to dump babies.Figure 2 The chart above shows respond from respondents about is it fair to dump a baby if the mother is forced to. Based on the figure above, 17.6% of the respondents say yes about this question. Beside that 82.4% of respondent say no.As a conclusion, majority of respondent say no. In fact, child is a priceless gift from Allah SWT. So that is very unfair to punish them because of our sin. It is narrated in holy Al-Quran 81: 8-9 :â€Å"When the girl-child that was buried alive, Is asked for what crime she was slain?'.Therefore, dump a baby not a solution to address this issue. Factors influence of baby dumpingFigure 3From the figures the three highest factors influence of baby dumping are lack of religious upbringing, poor application of religious knowledge and lack of parented care supervision.Figure 1 above showed 20 respondents choosing the lack of religious upbringing is the highest factors responsible for the problem of baby dumping among teenagers in Kuala Lumpur. Meanwhile, 17 respondents choosing the poor application of religious knowledge as a factor number 2 and 11 respondents choosing the lack of parented care supervision as a factor number 3 as a causes for the problem of baby dumping among teenagers in Kuala Lumpur.As a conclusion, there are seven causes of baby dumping. Out of the seven causes of baby dumping from our survey, respondents have choosing the 3 main causes namely, lack of religious upbringing, poor application of religious knowledge and lack of parented care supervision and the two lowest factors of baby dumping are media influe nce and economic problem (poverty).Seven main causes of baby dumping among teenagers in Kuala Lumpur1. Lack of religious upbringing In this case, we don’t deny that the lack of religious upbringing is the main reason for baby dumping cases to occur. Usually, groups of adolescents are involved in the case of abandoned babies. Lack of religious teachings and guidance to life cause them to lose direction in life and engage in negative symptoms, such as free association. Adolescents who are engaged in free sex tend to result in unwanted pregnancy before marriage. In this situation, teens who lose their faith measure inhumane and would leave their newborns  in places like public toilets, litter bins, side drains and so on2. Poor application of religious knowledge â€Å"Religious prayer pole† said our Prophet Muhammad S.A.W. When someone lacks of their religious prayers, their whole life is damaged. Without religious, humans are blind as they cannot have proper guidance to life.3. Lack of parental care supervision Sometimes, parents are always busy with their work. Teenagers must pay attention to them a lot. They need love and they need friends to talk about their problems. Some teenagers like to take opinions from their friends of different gender. When that happen, some of their boyfriends take advantage to do free promiscuity. When unwanted babies are born they are dumped because of absence of adult adence.4. Family break-up Family break-ups happen after a long period of misunderstandings, fighting and unhappiness. Sometimes they happen suddenly and it is hard for children to understand the situation. Children are mostly affected by this kind of situation. If both their mother and father decide to a divorce and cannot raise their children alone, the tendency is that they will dump their child. This child will become homeless and find himself alone.5. Peer Influence In addition, peer influence also leads to cases of baby dumping occurred. This is b ecause at a young age, teens are very easily influenced by their peers. This problem becomes worse when they associate with negative peers. Negative friends will invite young people to do things outside the boundaries of religion and norms of society, such as going to places of entertainment such as disco, taking drugs and doing free association. Many teens who fall into promiscuity, and eventually reach a dead end to find her self with unwanted pregnancy. In desperation, they have to discard their babies.6. Media influence As we know, media such as Majalah Mangga, URTV always publishes many articles and news about social life. Sometimes television also highlights social life. Such matters encourage teenagers to follow the example expose.7. Economic problem (poverty) If the teenagers come from poor family, they always have economic problem. Sometimes they see economic problem as a one way to go far away from the family. Sometimes they become prostitude to make some easy money. So fr om promiscuous activity. When unwanted babies are borned, without think, they dump the babies anywhere without mercy.

The Taxonomy Of Career Decision Making Difficulties...

Directors of the 36 Vet Centers will be contacted by phone and email to participate in the study. Vet Center Directors will then contact support staff and brief them regarding the intervention and protocol for distributing consent forms to veterans. Support staff will distribute and collect consent forms from participants. Participants will be recruited based on time spent transitioning to civilian life, and willingness to participate in workshop over the course of five days. Incentives will be provided on completion of the workshop. Assessment administration. Vet Center support trained by the researcher will administer pretest assessments before the start of the first day of the workshop in January of 2017. All assessments will be completed with paper and pencil, and completed assessments will be placed in a closed folder to ensure privacy of the responses. Participants will complete the assessments in approximately 20 minutes. Posttest assessment will be given in five days to concl ude the final day of the workshop. Intervention. The taxonomy of career decision-making difficulties workshop is intended to reduce career decision-making difficulties and increase career decision-making self-efficacy (Gati et al., 2013). Vet Center support staff will implement the workshop curriculum. Each staff member will receive 16 hours of training on career decision-making difficulties, the taxonomy workshop, and research validity, implementation, and reliability. The curriculumShow MoreRelatedMultiple Choice Questions for Leadership Management14468 Words   |  58 Pagesleadership behavior cannot be studied in a scientific way d. leadership is a very old topic 2. What is the most common element in definitions of leadership? a. leadership is an authority relationship b. leadership is the ability to make good decisions c. leadership is an attribution made by followers d. leadership is an influence process 3. 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